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''Helvítis fokking fokk'' (translated by Eiríkur Bergmann as 'God Damn, Fucking Fuck',〔''Iceland and the International Financial Crisis: Boom, Bust and Recovery'' (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014), p. 142.〕 Roger Boyes as 'What the Fuckety Fucking Fuck',〔Roger Boyes, ''Meltdown Iceland: Lessons on the World Financial Crisis from a Small Bankrupt Island'' (New York: Bloomsbury, 2009).〕 and by Michael J. Casey as 'Bloody Fucking Fuck'〔Michael J. Casey, ''The Unfair Trade: How Our Broken Global Financial System Destroys the Middle Class'' (New York: Crown, 2012), p. 239.〕) is an Icelandic neologism which became a widely used expression of discontent following the 2008 Icelandic financial crisis. It was coined for a comedy sketch performed by Jón Gnarr and broadcast on the traditional new year's eve comedy revue, ''Áramótaskaupið'', in 2008.〔(Youtube clip of Áramótaskaup sketch ); 'Helvítis fokking fokk á forsíðu Hrunsins', ''Vísir'', 5 June 2009, http://www.visir.is/helvitis-fokking-fokk-a-forsidu-hrunsins/article/2009112316069; Auður Inez Sellgren, 'Ekta upplifun? Orðin ekta og gervi skoðuð með tilliti til mannsins', unpublished BA dissertation, Icelandic Academy of the Arts, 2014, p. 13, http://hdl.handle.net/1946/22190.〕 In the sketch, Jón played a strait-laced middle-aged protester participating in the kitchenware revolution struggling to express his indignation at the crisis and eventually coming up with a sign reading ''Helvítis fokking fokk!!'' The phrase swiftly became widely used in Iceland in relation to the Crisis, as an expression of widely felt anger at corruption and mishandling of the economy.〔Auður Inez Sellgren, 'Ekta upplifun? Orðin ekta og gervi skoðuð með tilliti til mannsins', unpublished BA dissertation, Icelandic Academy of the Arts, 2014, p. 13, http://hdl.handle.net/1946/22190.〕 People even made real-life signs bearing the phrase which they took to the protests on Austurvöllur;〔'Helvítis fokking fokk á forsíðu Hrunsins', ''Vísir'', 5 June 2009, http://www.visir.is/helvitis-fokking-fokk-a-forsidu-hrunsins/article/2009112316069; Margrét Tryggvadóttir, ''Útistöður'' ((): Hansen og synir, 2014), p. 27.〕 it was also printed on t-shirts.〔Roger Boyes, ''Meltdown Iceland: Lessons on the World Financial Crisis from a Small Bankrupt Island'' (New York: Bloomsbury, 2009); Georg Fornes, 'Mótmæli. Perspektiver på finanskollapsen i Island', unpublished MS thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2011, http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn%3Anbn%3Ano%3Antnu%3Adiva-15773, p. 48.〕 According to Sóley Björk Stefánsdóttir, the two biggest Facebook groups relating to the Crisis were 'Icelanders are NOT terrorists' (17,188 members) and 'Helvítis fokking fokk' (9,396 members).〔Sóley Björk Stefánsdóttir, 'Er Facebook hið nýja almannarými? Greining á upplýsingamiðlun og samskiptum á Facebook', unpublished BA thesis, Háskólinn á Akureyri, 2009, p. 17, http://hdl.handle.net/1946/3186.〕 Describing the city-centre office of the Borgarahreyfingin party, Georg Fornes mentions that 'both inside the place and outside you could see various items from the demonstrations, including pots, cake-tins, and dirty placards with the slogan ''Helvítis Fokking Fokk!''〔'Både inne i lokalet og utenfor kunne man se forskjellige gjenstander fra demonstrasjonene, kasseroller, kakebokser og tilgrisede plakater, en med slagordet Helvítis Fokking Fokk!': Georg Fornes, 'Mótmæli. Perspektiver på finanskollapsen i Island', unpublished MS thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2011, http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn%3Anbn%3Ano%3Antnu%3Adiva-15773, p. 52.〕 Although usually an interjection, the term is also attested as a substantive, referring to the situation surrounding the financial crisis in general.〔Einar Már Guðmundsson, ''Bankastræti núll'' (Reykjavík: Mál og Menning, 2011), p. 7.〕 ==Appearances in art and literature== A picture of the artist Gunnar Már Pétursson holding his own placard reading ''Helvítis fokking fokk!'' appears on the cover Guðni Th. Jóhannesson's history of the crisis.〔'Helvítis fokking fokk á forsíðu Hrunsins', ''Vísir'', 5 June 2009, http://www.visir.is/helvitis-fokking-fokk-a-forsidu-hrunsins/article/2009112316069; Guðni Th. Jóhannesson, ''Hrunið: Ísland á barmi gjaldþrots og upplausnar'' (Reykjavík: JPV, 2009).〕 The title of the Crisis-themed concept album ''Helvítis fokking funk'' by the Samúel Jón Samúelsson Big Band is a pun on ''Helvítis fokking fokk''.〔Samúel Jón Samúelsson, Helvítis fokking funk (() : Sjsmusic, 2010).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Helvítis fokking fokk」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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